Course curriculum

  • 1

    Chapter 0: Welcome to This Mini-Course

    • Meet Zoey

    • Critical Questions

    • Who is This Mini-Course For?

    • About Your Instructors

    • Why Should You Take This Mini-Course?

    • How This Mini-Course is Structured

    • How Long Will It Take?

    • Check Your Understanding Quiz: Welcome to this Mini-Course

  • 2

    Chapter 1: Why Develop New Drugs?

    • Chapter 1 Intro

    • Chapter 1 Overview

    • Presenting…Three Top Drug Innovations of the Past 50 Years

    • AZT

    • Atorvastatin

    • Direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) for Hepatitis C

    • Tremendous Benefits

    • Medications Change Lives... And (Temporarily) Cost a Lot of Money

    • The Mortgage and Rent Models of Healthcare Spending

    • The Biotech Social Contract

    • Check Your Understanding Quiz 1.1: The Benefits of Drug Development

    • Chapter 1 Summary

  • 3

    Chapter 2: Where Do New Drugs Come From?

    • The Human Trial

    • Chapter 2 Overview

    • The Process, Risks, and Costs of Bringing a New Drug to Market

    • Test Your Knowledge: What Do You Know About Drug Development?

    • What Do You Know About Drug Development?

    • Check Your Understanding 2.1: How Does the FDA Approve a Drug?

    • Drug Development Timeline: Preclinical

    • Drug Development Timeline: Clinical Trials

    • Drug Development Timeline: Clinical Trials continued

    • Drug Development Timeline: The Approval Process

    • Scale of Drug Development

    • What Are The Odds A Drug Will Make It?

    • Operation Warp Speed

    • Check Your Understanding Quiz 2.2: How New Drugs Get Developed

    • What is the Value of a New Medicine?

    • Value to the World: Part 1

    • Value to the World: Part 2

    • The Biotech/Pharmaceutical Industry and its Key Players: Part 1

    • The Biotech/Pharmaceutical Industry and its Key Players: Part 2

    • Check Your Understanding Quiz 2.3: Value, The Biotech/Pharmaceutical Industry, and Key Players

    • Chapter 2 Summary

  • 4

    Chapter 3: All About the Money! Venture Capital Investment in Biotech Innovation

    • How Much Exactly?

    • Chapter 3 Overview

    • Understand This First: Biotech vs. Pharma – What’s the Difference?

    • So How Profitable is the Biopharma Industry?

    • Who are Investors?

    • Why Do We Need Investors?

    • Why Investors Fund Biotech Startups: Part 1

    • Why Investors Fund Biotech Startups: Part 2

    • Why Investors Fund Biotech Startups: Part 3

    • Making Investment Decisions

    • Uninvestable Spaces 1: Allergies

    • Uninvestable Spaces 2: Antibiotics

    • Check Your Understanding Quiz 3.1: Venture Capital Investment in Biotech Innovation

    • Chapter 3 Summary

  • 5

    Chapter 4: Why New Drugs Are So Expensive (And Why Your $5 Generic Isn’t)

    • Drugs are Too Expensive... Right?

    • Chapter 4 Overview

    • Who Can Afford a $2M Drug?

    • What are the Primary Factors That Influence a Drug’s Price?

    • Video: How Drug Pricing Works

    • What the Term “Drug Price” Means

    • Check Your Understanding Quiz 4.1

    • Smoke and Mirrors: Why Drug List Prices Don't Reflect True Costs

    • Who is Supposed to Pay List Price?

    • Check Your Understanding Quiz 4.2

    • Generics and Patent Burning Parties

    • The Mortgage Analogy

    • OPTIONAL: Further Reading

    • Check Your Understanding Quiz 4.3

    • Chapter 4: Summary & Conclusion

  • 6

    Chapter 5: The Journey from Brand to Generic and What Can Go Wrong

    • Chapter 5 Overview

    • From Molecule to Generic Drug

    • Example 1: Lipitor

    • Example 2: Gleevec

    • Example 3: Humira

    • But What About Insulin?

    • Celebrating the End of the Mortgage

    • Check Your Understanding Quiz 5.1

    • When an Off-Patent Drug Stays Expensive

    • Market Forces

    • Price Jacking

    • What about Zolgensma?

    • Check Your Understanding Quiz 5.2

    • Advertising & Other Misconceptions About Drug Pricing

    • More DTC Ad Benefits

    • DTC Ads and Drug Prices

    • A Few Other Misconceptions

    • Check Your Understanding Quiz 5.3

    • Chapter 5: Summary & Conclusion

  • 7

    Chapter 6: Why Insurance is So Important (and How it's Broken)

    • The Absurdity of American Insurance

    • Remember Zoey?

    • A Flawed System

    • Chapter 6 Overview

    • Premiums, Deductibles, and OOPs, oh my! (A quick glossary)

    • Understanding Health Insurance Costs

    • Check Your Understanding Quiz 6.1

    • Utlization Management and Related Terms

    • How Insurance Incentivizes Innovation

    • The Industry's True Customers

    • Check Your Understanding Quiz 6.2

    • Chapter 6 Summary

  • 8

    Chapter 7: The Big Problems With Insurance (and How to Fix Them)

    • So What's the Problem?

    • Chapter 7 Overview

    • Pharmacy Benefit Managers (PBMs) and Drug Pricing

    • Vertical Integration

    • When a Patient Isn’t Insured

    • Why Doesn’t Everyone Have Insurance?

    • Check Your Understanding Quiz 7.1

    • How We Make Insurance Better

    • Out-of-Pocket Reform

    • Universal Coverage

    • The Insurance Meta-Marketplace

    • Abuse of Prior Authorization

    • Consequences of Prior Authorization

    • Denial of Care

    • Playing Games with Patient Assistance

    • What can YOU do?

    • Conclusion

    • Check Your Understanding Quiz 7.2

    • Chapter 7 Summary

  • 9

    Chapter 8: Confronting the Threat to US Biomedical Innovation

    • The Drug Pricing Maze

    • Chapter 8 Overview

    • Why Price Controls are Problematic

    • Drugs Going Generic IS the Built in Price Control

    • Things that Don’t Work

    • Borrowing From Other Countries

    • International Reference Pricing

    • Drug Reimportation

    • Seizing IP: March-in Rights

    • Seizing IP: TRIPS Waivers

    • Check Your Understanding Quiz 8.1

    • Things that Might Work

    • Lowering OOPs and the Good Parts of the IRA

    • Guaranteed Contracts/Forward Contracts

    • Getting the International Community On Board

    • Forward contracts for Antibiotics: The Pasteur Act

    • Generalized Cost Effectiveness Analysis (GCEA)

    • Check Your Understanding Quiz 8.2

    • The Best 8% of Our Healthcare Dollar

    • Chapter 8 Summary

    • [OPTIONAL] Additional Resources

    • The Beginning of the End: Wrapping up our course

  • 10

    Chapter 9: Wrapping It All Up!

    • Welcome to the Final Chapter!

    • Chapter 1 Recap

    • Chapter 2 Recap

    • Chapter 3 Recap

    • Chapter 4 Recap

    • Chapter 5 Recap

    • Chapter 6 Recap

    • Chapter 7 Recap

    • Chapter 8 Recap

    • Preparing for the Final Exam

    • Final Exam